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Bond interest yield |
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Bond interest yieldYield calculations on bonds aim to show the return on a gilt or bond as a percentage of either its nominal value or its current price. There are three types of yield calculation that are commonly used:Nominal YieldThis is calculated by dividing the annual income on the bond by its nomina or 'par' value. So the nominal yield on a £100 bond which pays 5% interest per year is 5/100 x 100 = 5%.Current or 'Running Yield'This is calculated by dividing the annual income on the bond by its current market price. So if the market price of the £100 bond dropped to £95, the current yield on the bond at that time would be 5/95 x 100 = 5.36%. Note that as the market price of a bond drops, its yield goes up.Redemption Yield'The Redemption Yield shows what the total return on a bond would be if held to its maturity date. It reflects not only the interest payments a bondholder will receive, but also the gain/loss he will make when it matures. The income element is the same 'current yield' calculation performed above. The gain/loss element is calculated by taking the difference between the current market price and the nominal value of the bond (e.g. in our example 100 - 95 = 5), dividing it by the number of years til maturity (assume 5 years for simplicity, so 5/5 = 1) and then dividing that figure by the current price of the bond (1/95 x 100 = 1.05%) The yield to redemption is the sum of the current yield (5.36%) and the capital yield (1.05%) = 6.41%.Similar MatchesInterest coverInterest coverInterest cover measures the amount of interest paid by a company on its borrowings against its operating profit in the same period.The ratio shows the impact of gearing on a company's profit and loss account. If the figure is low, a small reduction in operating profits, or a rise in the cost of borrowing, can wipe out pre-tax profits. To calculate interest cover, divide the operating profits by the interest paid.Example: a company which has profits of £4m and which pays net interest of £1m, has interest cover of 4. Effective Interest RateEffective Interest RateThe annual rate at which an investment grows in value when interest is credited more often than once a year. Interest equalization taxInterest equalization taxTax on foreign investment by residents of the US which was abolished in 1974. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA)Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA)A financial measure defined as revenues less cost of goods sold and selling, general, and administrative expenses. In other words, operating and nonoperating profit before the deduction of interest and income taxes. Depreciation and amortization expenses are not included in the costs. Any interest dateAny interest dateA call provision in a municipal bond indenture that establishes the right of redemption for the issuer on any interest payment due date. Further Suggestionsinterest receivableLessees Interest Interest equalization tax Real interest rate Add on interest Compound interest Real interest rate Net interest cost (NIC) Noninterest bearing note Consumer interest Interest accrual rate Nominal interest rate Interest parity Interest rate parity line (IRP) Covered interest arbitrage Interest sensitive insurance policy Interest rate parity theorem Add on Interest Rate of interest Interest deduction Simple interest High withholding tax interest income Interest rate futures contract Covered interest rate Equilibrium rate of interest |
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