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Capital gains tax |
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Capital gains taxThe tax levied on profits from the sale of capital assets. A long-term capital gain, which is achieved once an asset is held for at least 12 months, is taxed at a maximum rate of 20% (taxpayers in 28% tax bracket) and 10% (taxpayers in 15% tax bracket). Assets held for less than 12 months are taxed at regular income tax levels, and, since January 1, 2000, assets held for at least five years are taxed at 18% and 8%.Capital gains taxA tax placed on the profits from the sale of real estate or investments.Capital gains taxCapital gains tax arises as a result of a 'chargeable event' - in the case of stock market investment, the disposal of shares at a profit.Just because you make a capital gain does not mean you necessarily have to pay tax on the gain. It all depends on your personal tax position, and on whether your total gains for the year are within the annual exemptions. The annual exemption per spouse in the tax year 2002-2003 is £7,700, rising to £7,900 for the 2003-2004 tax year.The gain you make beyond your annual exemption is added to any other income you may have and taxed as additional income at your marginal rate, be it 20% or 40%.Whatever the eventual tax position, it is important to keep records that enable you to calculate the gain on the sale of an asset, and ideally your record-keeping should be in a form that lends itself to completing your Tax Return.The essential information you need for each asset is:Base or original costDate of acquisitionDate of disposalDisposal proceedsWhen you have this information you are in a position to take advantage of indexation, taper relief, losses and your annual exemption.Similar MatchesIssued share capitalIssued share capitalTotal amount of shares that have been issued. Related: Outstanding shares. Capital marketCapital marketThe market for trading long-term debt instruments (those that mature in more than one year). CapitalisationCapitalisationThe injection of capital into a company.The process by which a company converts its cash reserves into new shares and issues them to existing shareholders on a pro rata basis. Also known as a Scrip Issue, or Bonus Issue. Note that since the effect of a capitalisation issue is to increase the number of shares in the company, the market price of the shares will typically fall to reflect the dilution. Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)An economic theory that describes the relationship between risk and expected return, and serves as a model for the pricing of risky securities. The CAPM asserts that the only risk that is priced by rational investors is systematic risk, because that risk cannot be eliminated by diversification. The CAPM says that the expected return of a security or a portfolio is equal to the rate on a risk-free security plus a risk premium multiplied by the assets systematic risk. Theory was invented by William Sharpe (1964) and John Lintner (1965). Capitalization tableCapitalization tableA table showing the capitalization of a firm, which typically includes the amount of capital obtained from each source - long-term debt and common equity - and the respective capitalization ratios. Further SuggestionscapitalPecking order view (of capital structure) Capital account Capital investment share capital Capital loss Capital intensity capital market theory Capital expenditure Morgan Stanley Capital International Pacific Free index venture capital Small capitalization (small cap) fund Efficient capital market Capital Contributed capital capital movement Capital gain Capital Assets capital allowance Capital Gains Venture capital limited partnership Capital Morgan Stanley Capital International World Index Capital loss Return to capital |
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