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Forward integration |
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Forward integrationAcquisition by a firm of a larger part of its distribution chain, moving it closer to selling directly to its ultimate customers.Similar MatchesTrade integrationTrade integrationThe process of increasing a country's participation in world markets through trade, accomplsihed by trade liberalization. DisintegrationDisintegrationAnother term for fragmentation. Used by Feenstra (1998). Deep integrationDeep integrationRefers to economic integration that goes well beyond removal of formal barriers to trade and includes various ways of reducing the international burden of differing national regulations, such as mutual recognition and harmonization. Contrasts with shallow integration. IntegrationIntegrationEconomic integration refers to reducing barriers among countries to transactions and to movements of goods, capital, and labor, including harmonization of laws, regulations, and standards. Common forms include FTAs, customs unions, and common markets. Sometimes classified as shallow integration vs. deep integration. Economic integrationEconomic integrationSee integration. Further SuggestionsShallow integrationBackward integration Horizontal integration Economies of vertical integration Vertical integration |
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