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Horizontal integration |
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Horizontal integrationProduction of different varieties of the same product, or different products at the same level of processing, within a single firm. This may, but need not, take place in subsidiaries in different countries.Similar MatchesVertical integrationVertical integrationProduction of different stages of processing of a product within the same firm. Economies of vertical integrationEconomies of vertical integrationProduced by achieving lower operating costs by owning all components of production and sometimes sales outlets rather than contracting for companies in the outside marketplace. DisintegrationDisintegrationAnother term for fragmentation. Used by Feenstra (1998). Trade integrationTrade integrationThe process of increasing a country's participation in world markets through trade, accomplsihed by trade liberalization. Backward integrationBackward integrationAcquisition by a firm of its suppliers. Further SuggestionsForward integrationShallow integration Integration Deep integration Economic integration |
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