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Revealed preference |
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Revealed preferenceThe use of the value of expenditure to "reveal" the preference of a consumer or group of consumers for the bundle of goods they purchase compared to other bundles of equal or smaller value. Used by Samuelson (1939) and Ohyama (1972), especially, to examine the gains from trade.Similar MatchesPreference sharesPreference sharesShares in a company which give their holders an entitlement to a fixed dividend but which do not usually carry voting rights. The important difference between preference and ordinary shares are:The dividend on ordinary shares is uncertain and variable (high when the company does well, poor or non-existent when it does badly). Preference shareholders get a fixed dividend which, if not paid, usually accrues until it can be.Each ordinary share usually carries a vote. Preference shares do not usually carry a vote unless dividends fall into arrears.In the event of a winding up, preference shares are usually repayable at par value, and rank above the claims of ordinary shareholders (but behind bank and trade creditors).Preference shares may be issued with the right of conversion into ordinary shares. These are called convertibles. Participating preference sharesParticipating preference sharesPreference shares which, in addition to paying a specified dividend, entitle preference shareholders to participate in receiving an additional dividend if ordinary shareholders are paid a dividend above a stated amount. Weak axiom of revealed preferenceWeak axiom of revealed preferenceThe assumption that a consumer who reveals strict preference for one bundle of goods over another will not, in other circumstances, reveal their preference for the second over the first. That is, if qi, qj are the vectors of goods purchased at prices pi, pj respectively, then piqi>piqj Þ pjqi>pjqj. Used in proving correlation results. PreferencesPreferences1. In trade policy, this refers to special advantages, such as lower-than-MFN tariffs, accorded to another country's exports, usually in order to promote that country's development. See GSP. 2. In trade theory, this refers to the attitudes of consumers toward different goods, as represented by a utility function. Some propositions in trade theory use the assumption of identical and/or homothetic preferences. Preference stockPreference stockA security that ranks junior to preferred stock but senior to common stock in the right to receive payments from the firm; essentially junior preferred stock. Further SuggestionsTax preference itemTariff preference Identical preferences Liquidity preference hypothesis Homothetic preferences Involuntary liquidation preference Loan Preference Principle Community preferences Generalized System of Preferences Preference for variety cumulative preference shares Preference share stepped preference shares redeemable preference shares |
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