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Shallow integration |
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Shallow integrationReduction or elimination of tariffs, quotas, and other barriers to trade in goods at the border, such as trade-limiting customs procedures. Contrasts with deep integration.Similar MatchesDisintegrationDisintegrationAnother term for fragmentation. Used by Feenstra (1998). Forward integrationForward integrationAcquisition by a firm of a larger part of its distribution chain, moving it closer to selling directly to its ultimate customers. Vertical integrationVertical integrationProduction of different stages of processing of a product within the same firm. Horizontal integrationHorizontal integrationProduction of different varieties of the same product, or different products at the same level of processing, within a single firm. This may, but need not, take place in subsidiaries in different countries. Deep integrationDeep integrationRefers to economic integration that goes well beyond removal of formal barriers to trade and includes various ways of reducing the international burden of differing national regulations, such as mutual recognition and harmonization. Contrasts with shallow integration. Further SuggestionsIntegrationBackward integration Trade integration Economic integration Economies of vertical integration |
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