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Split capital investment trust |
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Split capital investment trustAn investment trust with a limited life, in which the equity capital is divided into two classes - income shares and capital shares.Holders of income shares receive the majority of the trust's income throughout its life and a specified capital amount on liquidationHolders of capital shares receive virtually no income during the trust's life but on liquidation receive all the assets after repayment of capital to holders of income shares. In other words they get the benefit of most of the capital growth.The raison d'etre of split capital investment trusts is that a single trust can accommodate the requirements of two types of investor in one fund, and provide better performance for both than they would be able to achieve if they invested in separate funds.It works like this:Ian Illingworth has £10,000 to invest and wants to get maximum income from it. He buys 'Income Shares' in the Split.Colin Casey has £10,000 to invest and wants to get maximum capital growth from it. He buys 'Capital Growth Shares' in the Split.The Split invests their pooled money and during the lifetime of the trust pays out all the income to Ian. At the end of the Split's life, when the capital value of the fund has risen to, say, £60,000, it pays Ian back his £10,000, and pays £50,000 to Colin.How have Ian and Colin benefited?Ian has benefited because for 7 years he has received the income on £20,000 even though he only invested £10,000.Colin has benefited because he has received the capital growth on £20,000 even though he only invested £10,000 and, being a higher-rate taxpayer, it has suited him very well not to have received any income on his £10,000 in that time.Basically, it is as if Ian said to Colin 'You have the capital growth on my £10,000' and Colin said to Ian 'Fine, I'll give you the income on my £10,000 in return.'There are many other classes of share within splits, and the thinking behind them gets progressively more complex. It is also important to note that Splits are geared investments (they can borrow money) which, depending on performance, can either be beneficial or detrimental to investors. If you are interested in what they have to offer it is essential to get specialist advice.Similar MatchesMultilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)Agency established by the World Bank that offers various forms of political risk insurance to corporations. Income investment companyIncome investment companyA management company focused on managing a mutual fund whose primary purpose is income generation, typically investing in bonds and high dividend yielding stocks. Enterprise Investment SchemeEnterprise Investment SchemeThe Enterprise Investment Scheme is a UK tax incentive scheme designed to encourage investors to invest in unquoted companies. The benefits are:Income tax relief at 20%: so if you invest £10,000, the taxman gives you £2,000 back.CGT relief: provided you hold your investment for five years, any gains subsequently made are free of capital gains tax.Tax relief on losses: if your EIS investment is a disaster, you can set the losses off against gains made in the tax year in which you incur losses.Rollover relief: if you use the proceeds from selling shares in Company A to invest in Company B, and Company B is an EIS-qualifying company, you won't have to pay tax on the gains made from Company A until you subsequently dispose of Company B's shares. i.e. your gain is rolled over.The maximum amount you can invest in an EIS is £150,000 annually. Similar tax breaks are available from investments in Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs). Essentially, these are investment trusts that invest in small unquoted companies. As with EIS investments, there are lots of rules which, if broken, will invalidate the tax advantages.The risks associated with EIS companies are high and you should take professional advice before committing funds to them. Investment clubInvestment clubA group of individuals who combine their capital and invest it collectively. The advantage of these clubs is that members' funds are invested in a range of securities thus reducing risk and fees. There are also educational advantages. In the UK, the driving force behind the investment club movement is ProShare. (http://www.proshare.org.uk) Foreign portfolio investmentForeign portfolio investmentPortfolio investment across national borders and/or across currencies. 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